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Objective To investigate the relationship between occult pancreaticobiliary reflux (OPR) and biliary diseases.Methods Forty-four patients with primary biliary diseases was enrolled,and serum amylase level was determined,and the bile in common bile duct (CBD) was collected to measure the amylase level,then the △ amylase was calculated,which equals bile amylase level minus serum amylase level.OPR was confirmed if bile amylase level was higher than serum amylase level,otherwise it would be defined as the control group.Results Among the 44 patients with primary biliary diseases,the incidence of OPR was 72.7％ (n =32).The bile and serum amylase activity of patients with OPR were (1 513 ± 2 725),(44 ± 21)U/L;and they were (18 ± 14) and (38 ± 17) U/L in the control group.The bile amylase level in OPR group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in serum amylase activity between the two groups.The incidence of OPR in patients with CBD stones was 100％,and the bile amylase activity was (1 048 ± 1 317) IU/L,and the △ bile amylase activity was (996 ± 1 322) U/L;the incidence of OPR in patients with choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis was 75％,and the bile amylase activity was (2 457 ± 3 312),the △ amylase activity was (2 412 ± 3 320)IU/L;and the corresponding values in patients with gallbladder stones were 80％,(95 ± 82),(57 ± 76)IU/L;and the corresponding values in patients with bile duct cancer were 50％,(73 ± 51),(40 ± 37)U/L.Conclusions The occurrence of OPR is closely related to CBD stones only,CBD stones and gallbladder stones,and it may be one of the main pathogenic factors of bile duct stones.
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Objective To observe the effects of Qutantongluo decoction on the expression of TGF-β1 in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats,which can help to understand the mechanism of action.Methods The rats models of diabetic nephropathy were established by injecting with streptozotocin intraperi-toneally.All Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal control group,the model control group,Benazepril Hydrochloridec group ( 1 mg/kg ·d-1 ),Qutantongluo decoction low dose group (3 g/kg ·d-1 ),Qutantongluo decoction median dose group (4.5 g/kg · d-1 ),and Qutantongluo decoction high dose group (6 g/kg · d-1 ).Rats in the normal control group and the model control group were given celiac perfusion of distilled water once at the same time and dose.All the rats were gavaged once daily for 8 weeks.The expression of TGF-β1 at the level of gene and protein in renal tissue were tested by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods.Results Compared with the model control group(2.79±0.22),the expression of TGF-β1 at the level of protein in renal tissue of Benazepril Hydrochloridec group (1.55 ±0.12)and the Qutantongluo decoction low dose group ( 1.54± 0.16),Qutantongluo decoction median dose group (1.49 ± 0.17),Qutantongluo decoction high dose group(l.39±0.25) decreased significantly (P＜0.05).Compared with the model control group (0.35±0.07),the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in renal tissue of Benazepril Hydrochloridec group(0.35± 0.07)and the Qutantongluo decoction low dose group(0.39±0.03),Qutantongluo decoction median dose group (0.35± 0.06),Qutantongluo decoction high dose group (0.32± 0.07) decreased significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion Qutantongluo decoction can down regulate the expression of TGF-β1 in kidney,which may be one of the mechanisms of Qutantongluo decoction effectiveness in clinical treatment of diabetic nephropathies.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the variation in plasma concentration after oral administration of Danshen multi-component osmotic pump tablets in Beagle dogs with conventional Danshen tablets as the control preparation, in order to assess the sustained release of Danshen multi-component osmotic pump tablets.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC was adopted for determination, with Shimadzu's ODS-SP column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm), flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1), and column temperature of 30 degrees C. Protein in plasma samples of tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid B was removed by ethyl acetate extract and acetone precipitation method respectively. Their pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on determination results.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The methodology study on the two constituents with different polarity showed conformity to the requirements. Compared with conventional Danshen tablets, Danshen multi-component osmotic pump tablets showed decrease in Cmax and extension in Tmax after oral administration in Beagle dogs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Danshen multi-component osmotic pump tablet has a good sustained-release effect compared with conventional Danshen tablets.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Male , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacokinetics , Osmosis , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Chemistry , Tablets , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, cell apoptosis rate and their effects on the cell cycle proceeding of the SSMC7721 cell line when 5-FU combined with thermotherapy is induced into the cells, and then provide theoretical bases to the combined therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was detected by the MTT under different conditions, the cell cycle proceeding and the cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry and the subcellular structure was detected by the electronmicroscope. Results The cell inhibition rate of the thermotherapy group, 5-FU group and the combinedgroup were 18.4% ,28. 3% and 52. 7% ,respectively. The inhibition rates in the latter two groups were significantly different to the thermotherapy group. The results of flow cytometry showed that the cell numbers increased in G1 stage decreased in S stage,and increased in G2/M stage;the cell apoptosis rate increased. There was significant difference between different groups(P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜0.05). The results of the electronmicroscop showed that the nuclear chromatins agglutinated in the borderline and the mitochondriums became swelled. Conclusions The 5-FU combined with thermotherapy could significantly improve the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, inhibit the cell cycle proceeding from G1 stage to S stage, and induce cells apoptosis and change the subcellular structures in the SSMC7721 cell line.